How to Identify Scleroderma
- 1). Look for "patches", or calcified areas under the skin. Scleroderma affects each patient differently but skin discoloration and tightening caused by calcification are common symptoms. Discoloration, known as morphea, can be dark, irregular centers surrounded by lighter areas or lighter areas surrounded by darker. In localized scleroderma, these patches of thickened skin can measure from half an inch across to more than six inches in diameter and are found on hands, forearms, feet and lower legs. In Systemic scleroderma, which affects organs as well as surface skin, patches may be found anywhere on the body.
- 2
Examine the mouth and gums. Scleroderma ofter causes muscles in the lips and face to tighten, resulting in a condition called "small mouth", making talking, eating and dental hygiene difficult. Scleroderma patients may also suffer from dry mouth or Myofacial Pain Syndrome, caused by the tightening of muscles around the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) used in chewing. A type of localized scleroderma, "en coupe desabre", consists of a line of thickened skin on the forehead or elsewhere on the face. - 3). Review family history. People who have family members diagnosed with autoimmune diseases are more likely to have scleroderma. Native American and African Americans tend to have worse cases than Caucasians. Women are more likely to get scleroderma than men. Children are more likely to develop the localized form and adults are more likely to develop systemic scleroderma.
- 4). Consider other factors. Viral and bacterial infections as well as diet and environmental factors have been investigated in the search for the cause of scleroderma. Researchers believe that some genetic factor leads to a response in the circulatory system that creates an immune system response that causes collagen to be produced without any checks, causing the thickening of skin and tissue.
- 5). Rule out other rheumatic and autoimmune diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, unlike scleroderma, are progressive conditions, worsening over period. Both share some symptoms with scleroderma. Reynaud's, a form of scleroderma which features a hypersensitivity to could or hot air or water, should also be ruled out by a doctor before any management plan is developed.
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