The human body is controlled by a proper coordination of various organs such as brain, spinal cord, heart, liver, etc. These organs are in turn made up of trillions of specialized cells which work 24/7 to perform different specialized tasks. However, everyday these cells go through a complete cell cycle involving the formation of new cells and degeneration of older cells. In this regard, the regeneration of new cells is done through the very specialized, master cells known as the "Stem cells". These stem cells have the unique ability to develop into any of the trillion cells of the body. These specific cells are present almost in every organ of the body in the small places known as stem cell niches. Although when the process of degeneration exceeds the process of regeneration, the organ becomes weak and less functional. This is the basis of diseased condition such as heart trouble, liver malfunctioning, neurodegenerative problems and joint problems or arthritis.

Recently, the modern science has understood the importance of stem cell sources, available easily in the human body with the ample supply of stem cells. Bone Marrow and Adipose tissues, are two of the many simple and the most ideal sources, easy to be retrieved for therapeutic applications of stem cells. These stem cells are proven to be the best at promoting musculoskeletal healing, especially in case of an Arthritis. These stem cells can be exploited out, enriched in the laboratory and implanted back into the patient's body as a viable, non surgical alternative for those who are facing a knee replacement or surgery. Thus, with the help of a stem cell treatment, these patients can quickly return to the normal activity, following the procedure and thus are far less vulnerable to the serious risk associated with infections.

These stem cells are either harvested from your bone marrow or adipose tissue or sometimes both depending upon the severity of the diseases. The procedure is done with the local anesthesia. In case of bone marrow the blood is withdrawn from the hip region with small insertion of just a needle. In case of adipose stem cells, the fat tissue is extracted from the belly region. The mode of transplantation is said to be autologous, since the stem cells are extracted from your own body source. It is believed to be the safest, method as it poses zero risk of cell rejection as the foreign material, enhances the recovery and avoids entry of other opportunistic infections in the body.

   

Scientists, researchers all over the world, are working hard to find out more and more application of these stem cells for the treatment of mighty arthritis problems. Although it is observed from the data obtained from the current therapeutic study, that the stem cell based therapies are very promising for those  who have already gone through all the basic treatments.