Check Blood Sugar Level

• This is typically done two to three times a day, but may vary according to the person and the severity of his diabetes. A machine called a glucometer is used for this process, and a single finger prick is all that's needed for a blood sample large enough for the machine to read. In a matter of seconds, you will know if his blood sugar levels are within the proper range, or if he is fluctuating too high or low. This is essential for maintaining his well-being, and needs to be monitored closely.
  
  

Medication

• Some diabetics only require medication if their blood sugar levels are out of the normal range, while some require medication on a regular basis. When caring for a loved one in their home, you need to ensure she has her medication readily available if she can take it on her own, or are there to give it to her at the scheduled time. When caring for a diabetic in a long-term care facility, you will be responsible for giving her the medication. It is important to note that if a diabetic requires medication to control her blood sugar levels, she must receive that medication at the time it's scheduled for.
  
  

Dietary Needs

• Dietary needs and restrictions for every diabetic can vary, although for the most part, sugar intake must be watched closely. This will be determined by his doctor, and you must be aware of his restrictions. If you are caring for a loved one in their home, monitor their intake of sweets each day. While they may be allowed a taste of something each day, be sure he is not sneaking more. This may happen from time to time. If you are working in a long-term care facility, the dietary department will send carts of trays to each floor. Although they have the food restrictions for each resident, they sometimes make mistakes; you need to catch these mistakes before it has a negative health affect on the person you are caring for.
  
  

Foot Care

• It is common for diabetics to have problems with their feet. This is due to poor circulation and nerve damage caused by years of high blood sugar levels. Over time, the poor circulation can lead to skin breakdown and gangrene, while the nerve damage can lead to open areas she is not even aware of due to loss of feeling. To help prevent these problems, each day you need to wash her feet and dry them well. Then check them carefully, examining them for any redness, swelling, blisters, cracks or open areas. If you find anything out of the ordinary, report it immediately, or take her to the doctor for further examination. The sooner problems are detected and treated, the better her chances of the wounds healing.