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How to Calculate the Voltage Across the Capacitor
Capacitors are used in electrical systems to store small amounts of electric charge, and then to discharge when the charge is needed. Most common electronics contain several capacitors; they are used in cars, televisions, and computers. The physics of capacitor charging and discharging are well know
The Effect of Excess Iron in Plants
Like animals and people, plants need a certain amount of iron to survive. Iron helps them create chlorophyll and aids in several other chemical processes plants perform. However, too much iron can have a toxic effect on the plant, weakening and eventually killing it. It should be noted that plants o
How to Make a Mini Submarine
A submarine is a vessel that can travel underwater. Submarines are primarily used by the military during stealth operations. Submarines are also used by scientists and researchers who are interested in deep-sea exploration. Chart your own oceanographic adventures (in a sink or a bathtub) with this w
What Kills the Asian Longhorned Beetle?
The Asian longhorned beetle was introduced from China into Chicago, New Jersey and New York City and is a significant pest of American hardwood trees. This glossy black and white insect is typically visible on trees between late spring and fall. The Asian longhorned beetle is exacting a major ecolog
Why Are the Seasons on Mars Similar to Earth?
Mars is dissimilar to Earth in many ways: It's extremely cold, lacks an ozone layer and takes two years to orbit the sun. However, one area where the two planets share a similarity is in its seasons. On both planets, the northern and southern hemispheres have opposing seasons of spring, summer, fall
Speed Control of Hot Water Circulating Pumps
Hot water circulating pumps come in two types, fixed head (pressure) and variable head. Variable head pumps allow the speed of the pump to be adjusted, so hot water flows faster or slower.
How to Find the Perseus Constellation
Perseus is easy to find in the night sky, as it's one of the largest constellations in the northern hemisphere. This collection of stars appears in the northern sky during the winter and can best be seen in the month of December. It is visible between 90 degrees N and 35 degrees S latitudes.
How Neon Lights Are Made
PreparationCreating neon signs is mainly done by hand, due to the fragility of the glass work. The signs are made of thin glass tubes that are bent into desired shapes. This is usually letters. The tubes start out straight, but are heated and bent multiple times until they reach the...
Leather Tooling Instructions
Leather tooling entails creating designs upon leather using knives, shaping tools and mallets. You'll see rich tooling on ancient Roman armor, as well as on Western saddles and motorcycle gear. Look for tooled leather goods at craft fairs, country fairs, tack shops and leather goods stores. To make
How to Throw Paper Clay
Paper clay is a water-based modeling medium made from clay and cellulose fiber, usually paper pulp. It's economical and friendly to the environment. It has an advantage over ordinary clay in that it is malleable in a much drier state, and can be repaired when bone dry. A finished piece can also be l
Life Cycle of a Finch
Finch is the common name for a variety of songbirds that belong to the family Fringillidae. Found over much of the world, finches include goldfinches, house finches, grosbeaks, juncos and cardinals. An identifying mark of most finches is the stout, conical bill used to crack open seeds.
How to Calculate Nanokatals Per Gram
A nanokatal per gram refers to the catalytic activity of an enzyme. To determine this catalytic activity, the rate of the conversion and experiment parameters must be set. A katal per gram of trypsin enzyme is the amount of trypsin needed to catalyze bonds when certain conditions are met. When the c
Instructions for a Stained Glass Lampshade
Construction of a stained glass lampshade requires fitting together pieces of glass to make a three-dimensional object. The copper foil technique used to achieve this was developed at the end of the 19th century in the stained glass studios of artists such as Louis Comfort Tiffany and John LeFarge.
"Nuts & Bolts" Cheats
"Banjo-Kazooie: Nuts & Bolts" is a 2008 action and platform game exclusive to the Xbox 360, and represents the third installment in Rare's "Banjo-Kazooie" series. According to IGN, the game features Banjo the bear, Kazooie the bird, evil witch Gruntilda, the Lord of Games and other...
How to Make a Dragonfly Kite
Dragonflies have intrigued people for centuries. People all over the world admire the dragonfly's speed, grace, and agility, considering it a representation of power, maturity, and poise. The dragonfly's shape is suited for adapting into a kite, as the body length provides good balance in the air an
How to Make Goop from Laundry Detergent
Goop is the common name for a fun, gooey toy that you can bounce, stretch, squish and even break. Goop is actually a rubbery polymer that is easy to make at home with Borax (a laundry detergent booster), glue and water. You can make plain white Goop, or use food coloring or paint to make colored Goo
Wasps That Live in Dirt
According to National Geographic, wasps come in more than 30,000 different varieties. Although they're commonly thought of as a threatening pest, most wasps are active hunters of insects, helping to control the population. Many wasps build nests on walls and within hidden or solitary areas, such as
How to Trap a Lizard
The reptile, known as a lizard, includes more than 4,000 species, and it lives on all six inhabited continents. Lizards are found in both arid and wet regions around the world. Catching a lizard in a pet store is not nearly as difficult as sneaking up on one in the wild. A few techniques are applied
Wildlife Plants in the Everglades
Everglades plant lifeRainforest image by Denis GELIN from Fotolia.comThe Florida Everglades is a special subtropical environment that is home to a variety of lush plants and exotic animals, some endangered and legally protected. Sometimes called the "River of Grass," the Everglades area...
How to Remove Oxidation From a Tobacco Pipe Stem
Oxidation occurs when oxygen particles react with any element. In metal, this causes rust. Many pipe stems have metallic parts in shapes of tubes, screws or spears, which can get rusty with time. If the pipe is not stored in a cool, dry place, moisture in the environment may cause the metallic parts